07 Arrays (Lists)

Jab ek hi type ka bahut sara data store karna ho, to alag-alag variable banane ki jagah Array use karte hain.

1. Declaration & Initialization 📋

int numbers[5]; // 5 integers ka dabba
int marks[] = {90, 80, 75, 95, 88}; // Initialization

Accessing Elements

Index 0 se shuru hota hai.

printf("%d", marks[0]); // 90
marks[1] = 99; // Change value

2. 2D Arrays (Matrix/Grid) 🏁

Rows aur Columns wala data.

int matrix[2][3] = {
    {1, 2, 3}, // Row 0
    {4, 5, 6}  // Row 1
};

printf("%d", matrix[1][2]); // Row 1, Col 2 -> Output: 6

3. Strings (Char Array) 🔡

C me String type nahi hota. Hum char ka array banate hain. Last me \0 (Null Character) lagta hai.

char name[] = "Aditya"; // Compiler khud '\0' laga deta hai
char city[10] = {'D', 'e', 'l', 'h', 'i', '\0'};

printf("%s", name);

String Functions (string.h)

• strlen(str): Length batata hai.
• strcpy(dest, src): Copy karta hai.
• strcat(str1, str2): Jodta hai (Concat).
• strcmp(str1, str2): Compare karta hai.